Apparatus for burning crude petroleum-oil



(No Model.)

R. W. SMITH. l APPARATUS POR BURNINGURUDE PETROLEUM OIL. No. 384,873. Patented June-"1Q, 1888.

INVENTOR.

lobert 7K Smzth,

WITNESSES UNITED STATES ROBERT W. SMITH,

PATENT OFFICE.

OF TOLEDO, OHIO.

APPARATUS FOR BURNhlNG CRUDE PETROLEUM-OIL.

, SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 384,873, dated June 19., 1888. nppncntion sied May 1c, Iss?. serial No. 238,764. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern.- H

'1T-3e it known that I, ROBERT "W. SMITH, a cltlzen of the United States, residing at Toledo,

in the county of Lucas and State ofOhio, have 'ratus embodying all my improvements as is necessarytoillustratethesubject-matterherein claimed, Figure lis a sectional elevation of my improved apparatus. Fig. 2 is a vertical central section, on a larger scale than Fig. l, through so much of a stove or heater suitable for operating Iny'invention as is necessary to illustrate its working. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the spider eap-nut detached. Fig. 4 is a vertical central section through an oil-filter which maybe used in connection with my ap paratus.

A cask or tank, A, containing crude petroleum-oil, is'shown as connected by a pipe, B, with the force-pump C, the details of which are of usual character, and needv not be described, as they constitute no part of my invention.

A pipe, D, connects the force-pump with another pipe, E, leading to an elevated tank, F, of ordinary construction, preferably closed at its top and provided with a vent-pipe, G. If desired, an ordinary glass tube, H, may be employed to serve as an indicator of the quantity of oil contained in the tank F. Tubes I and K connect the oil-pipe E and vent-pipe G with the glass tube H, and are provided with cocks L, as usual. The oil being forced into the tank F, by means of the force-pump,

`until the tank is sufficiently full, as will be indicated by the glass tube, the working of the pump is stopped and the oil will begin to descend by gravity through the pipe E, and will be prevented from passing back t-o the `pump by its cheek-valve M, and consequently will nd its way through 'pipe N and oil-ilt`er O, thence on through pipe l? to the oil-cup Q.

The pipes N andl? are furnished with cocks R and S, one of which should be closed when the oil is being pumped into the tank F. They should both be open when the fire is lighted.`

The cock R might be dispensed with, and is intended merely as a safety-cock. The cock S should always be closed except when it is desired to light a fire in the stove or heater. It is adapted to be opened more or less in the ordinary way, in order to regulate the supply of oil to the oil-cup Q. nally screw-threaded at its upper end, as shown, so as to receive a spider cap-nut, T. The mouth of the oil-cup is tapering, as illus trated, and the cap of the nut is correspondingly tapered, so that as it is screwed down it tends to close the top of the cup more or less, and will close it entirely, if desired. In other words, it regulates the size of the opening for the overflow of the oil from the cup. An annular head, U, upon the nut receives a suitable wrench (not illustrated) for turning the nut to regulate the size of the opening for the escape of the oil from the oil-cup.

The burner-pipe P is shown as passing up through the bottom of the stove and of a diaphragm or pan, W, which extends across the stove and supports a drip-tray, V, through which the burner-pipe also passes. The oilcup is secured on the burner-pipe so that the oil iows upward through `it before being burned. i

The dripvtray V under the oil-cup catches any oil that may run down over the outside of the cup before it is burned. become full, its overdow will drop upon the diaphragm W, which will hold it in the path of the dame until burned.

A magazine-due, X, fastened by rivets'Y to the wall of the stove, is provided with an ordinary door, Z, provided, as usual, with a slide or damper,l a, to admit air in greater or less quantity, as desired, for purposes of combustion. The lueX extends down aroundthe oil-cup to near the diaphragm W, allowing merely sufficient space for the products of comthe luc and the diaphragm and escape around the outside of they line into the stove body or. ,l

Should this tray barrel X and pass off through the pipe b to the chimney or out-of-doors, in the usual manner.

The apparatus operates as follows: With the proper oil-supplyin the tank Fand the cocks R and S open, the oil cup will be filled with oil under pressure and will overiiow from the cup in a thin circular sheet. rIhis, being ignited in any ordinary way, will be supplied with air for combustion entering through the damper and magazinellue in a downward direction, the draft from the chimney being sufficient for that purpose. The result will be that the flame, instead of being driven up, will be flared out around the oil-cup and driven downward. The oil-cup will thus be highly heated and much vaporwill be generated therein, so that the supply Vof fuel will very soon consist of mingled vapor and air, all the lighter portions of the oil'being converted into vapor. The heavier oil, whichmay overfiow and not be consumed instantly, as it passes outY at the top of the oil-cup will either be consumed while itis passing down the sides of the cup or else may, in small quantities, drop into the driptrayV, where it will be inthe path of theY iame, and will aid in supplying material for combustion. In case the heavy oil should not all be consumed in the drip-tray, it will again overflow upon the diaphragm below, where it is still in the course of the draft or path of the flame, and will be entirely consumed. I am thus enabled with my apparatus, by a downward draft. to thoroughly consume crude petroleum. Further t-han that, I am enabled to get the advantage of converting the lighter oils 1t contains into vapor, which readily burns and aids matcriallyin the consumption of the residuum or heavy oils, so that I geta perfect combustion of thc entire crude product.

In order that lhcrcrude oil may be better prepared for thorough combustion, I provide an oil-lter between the tank F and the stove. This filter maybe composed of an ordinary tank, c, adapted to contain proper oil-filtering material and be connected with the oil-pipe leading from the tank F to the stove, as shown in Figs. l and t.

A cock, d, near the bottom of the filter may be employed to run off any water that may accumulate. A perforated diaphragm, e, supporting successive layers of ne gravel, coarse sand, and glass-sand, (indicated in Fig. 4,) or any other suitable oil-filtering material of ordinary eharacter,1nay be employed. A pipe, f, connected with the top of the lter, is provided with a cock, g, so that, when desired, a hose or pipe may be connected with the pipe f and the filter flushed with water to cleanse it of any sediment or accumulations. Vhenever the crude oil is sufficiently free from solid or incombustible matter, it will not be necessary to use the ltering apparatus; but

with it the poorest grade of crude oil may be used without difficulty.

In the drawings I have illustrated an ordinary form of cylindrical heater or stove, but my invention is applicable to stoves, furnaces, ranges, heaters, &c., of various forms.

I do not confine my invention to the particular form of embodiment illustrated in the.

drawings, as many variations of details may be made without departing from its substance, and some of the parts described may also be advantageously used together in an oil-burning apparatus Without the others.

I claim as of my own inventionl. 'Ihe combination, in an oil-burning apparatus, of a stove, a downdraft-fluc therein, an escape-.pipe for the products of'eombustion, an oil-supply tank, a supply-pipe connected therewith, and an oilcu p mounted on the supply-pipe or oil-connection in the flue and provided with an adjustable cap for admitting oil to dow upwardly through and over the top of said cup, substantially as set forth.

2. 'Ihe combination, in an oil-burning apparatus, of a stove, a downdraftlme therein, an escape-pipe for the products of combustion, an oil-supply tank, a supply-pipe connected therewith, a filter interposed in the supply-pipe, and an oil-cup mounted on the oil-supply pipe or oilconnection and provided with an adjustable cap for admitting oil to iiow upwardly through and over the top of said cup, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, in an oil-burning apparatus, of a stove body or barrel, its downwardly-projecting draftliue, a draft-opening at its upper end, and an oil-cup in the flue, having an oil-connection orsupply-pipe in its bottom and an adjustable cap at its top, substantiall y as set forth.

4. The combination, in an oil-burning apparatus, of a stove body or barrel, its downwardly-projecting draft-flue, a draft-opening at its upper end, an oil-cup in the fine, have ing an oil-connection or supply-pipe in its IOO IIO 

